生物化学（英文版） 知到智慧树答案2024 z24483

第一章 单元测试

1、
At the isoelectric point, the net charge of the protein molecule is 0.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

2、
All the proteins have quaternary structure.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、
The principle of salt precipitation, precipitation of proteins is (  )

A:Binding of proteins to form insoluble protein salt
B:To neutralize the charge and destroy the hydration shell
C:Lowering the dielectric constant of the protein solution
D:Adjust the isoelectric point of the protein solution
E:Denature proteins
答案: To neutralize the charge and destroy the hydration shell

4、
The main chemical bond that maintains the alpha-helical structure of the protein is(  )

A:peptide bond
B:Hydrogen bonding between peptide bond atoms
C:Hydrogen bonding between side chains
D:Salt key
E:Disulfide bond
答案: Hydrogen bonding between peptide bond atoms

5、
The advanced structure of the protein depends on (  )

A:Hydrogen bonds in protein peptide chains
B:Peptide bonds in protein peptide chains
C:Amino acid composition and sequence in protein peptide chains
D:Peptide bond plane in protein peptide chain
E:Peptide units in protein peptide chains
答案: Amino acid composition and sequence in protein peptide chains

6、
The physical and chemical properties shared by proteins and amino acids are: (  )

A:Polymer properties
B:Colloidal properties
C:Amphoteric Dissociation
D:Precipitation properties
E:Denatured properties
答案: Amphoteric Dissociation

7、
The properties of denatured proteins are (  )

A:Solubility drops significantly
B:Loss of biological activity
C:Easy to be hydrolyzed by protease
D:Solidification
E:precipitation
答案: Solubility drops significantly;Loss of biological activity;Easy to be hydrolyzed by protease

8、
Protein denaturation is because (  )

A:Hydrogen bond is destroyed
B:Peptide bond cleavage
C:Subunit depolymerization
D:The hydration membrane is destroyed and the charge is neutralized
E:Disulfide bond cleavage
答案: Hydrogen bond is destroyed;Subunit depolymerization;Disulfide bond cleavage

9、
Primary structure of protein (  )

A:Is the basis of spatial structure
B:refers to amino acid sequence
C:It does not include disulfide bond
D:It mainly depends on peptide bond to maintain stability
E:α-helix and β-sheet are the major conformations of it
答案: Is the basis of spatial structure;refers to amino acid sequence;It mainly depends on peptide bond to maintain stability

10、
Which of the following are acid amino acids? (  )

A:Glutamate
B:Lysine
C:Arginine
D:Aspartate
E:Alanine
答案: Glutamate;Aspartate

第二章 单元测试

1、
T_m is directly related to the GC content of DNA and ionic strength.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

2、
rRNA is the site for protein biosynthesis.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、
In a DNA molecule, if the molar ratio of A is 17.2%, the molar ratio of C should be (  )

A:67.2％
B:32.8％
C:65.6％
D:17.2％
E:50.3%
答案: 32.8％

4、
The key part of DNA molecule to store and transmit genetic information is (  )

A:Pentose conformation
B:base rotation angle
C:base sequence
D:pentose phosphate skeleton
E:phosphate diester bond
答案: base sequence

5、
The force to maintain the lateral stability of DNA double helix is (  )

A:Base packing force
B:hydrogen bond between base pairs
C:Internal screw drainage
D:disulfide bond
E:phosphodiester bond
答案: hydrogen bond between base pairs

6、

What’s wrong with nucleic acid hybridization (  )

A:Two single stranded DNA from different sources can be hybridized as long as some bases are complementary
B:DNA single strand can hybridize with RNA strand with almost the same complementary base
C:RNA DNA hybrid chain can be synthesized by reverse transcription using mRNA as template
D:mRNA can be hybridized with the encoded polypeptide chain
E:Using molecular hybridization, the target gene can be fished from gene library
答案: mRNA can be hybridized with the encoded polypeptide chain

7、

The changes in DNA denaturation are: (  )

A:Hydrogen chain breaking and double helix structure breaking between chains
B:hyperchromic effect
C:Viscosity increase
D:covalent bond fracture
答案: Hydrogen chain breaking and double helix structure breaking between chains;hyperchromic effect

8、

The histones that make up the core particle of nucleosome are (  )

A:H₁
B:H₂A
C:H₂B
D:H₃
E:H₄
答案: H₂A;H₂B;H₃;H₄

9、

As for the description of rRNA, it is correct to (  )

A:Large and small subunits that can combine with proteins to form ribosomes
B:It’s the most abundant RNA in the cell
C:Containing more rare bases
D:No secondary structure
E:Shortest half-life
答案: Large and small subunits that can combine with proteins to form ribosomes;It’s the most abundant RNA in the cell

10、

The biological functions of nucleotides in vivo include (  )

A:As cytoskeleton
B:Raw materials for nucleic acid synthesis in vivo
C:Some nucleotides can be used as second messengers of hormones
D:Some nucleotides are allosteric effectors of allosteric enzymes
E:Some nucleotides are the direct energy suppliers in the organism
答案: Raw materials for nucleic acid synthesis in vivo;Some nucleotides can be used as second messengers of hormones;Some nucleotides are allosteric effectors of allosteric enzymes;Some nucleotides are the direct energy suppliers in the organism

第三章 单元测试

1、
Vitamins are a class of high molecular organic compounds 

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

2、
Too much or too little fat-soluble vitamin can cause disease

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

3、

Vitamin A deficiency can cause (  )

A:Night blindness
B:color blindness
C:cataract
D:chondropathy
E:albinism
答案: Night blindness

4、

The vitamins containing metal elements are (  )

A:Vitamin B₁
B:vitamin B₂
C:vitamin B₆
D:vitamin C
E:vitamin B₁₂
答案: vitamin B₁₂

5、

The coenzymes of α – keto acids decarboxylase come from (  )

A:Vitamin B₁
B:vitamin B₂
C:vitamin B₆
D:vitamin B₁₂
E:vitamin C
答案: Vitamin B₁

6、

As for the corresponding relationship between vitamins and their active forms, the wrong one is (  )

A:Vitamin B₁-TPP
B:vitamin PP-CoA
C:vitamin B₂-FAD
D:Folic acid-FH₄
E:nicotinamide-NAD⁺
答案: vitamin PP-CoA

7、

The fat soluble vitamins are (  )

A:Vitamin A
B:vitamin B
C:vitamin C
D:Vitamin D
E:vitamin E
答案: Vitamin A;Vitamin D;vitamin E

8、

Vitamin D deficiency can cause (  )

A:cretinism
B:osteochondrosis
C:kidney stone
D:night blindness
E:rickets
答案: osteochondrosis;rickets

9、

Which of the following are the active forms of pantothenic acid (  )

A:FAD
B:NAD⁺
C:CoA
D:FH₄
E:ACP
答案: CoA;ACP

10、

Which of the following statements about vitamins is wrong (  )

A:It is a kind of low molecular weight organic compounds
B:The human body cannot synthesize itself
C:Tissue components that do not form the body
D:Oxidizable energy supply
E:It can be used as coenzyme to participate in metabolism
答案: The human body cannot synthesize itself;Oxidizable energy supply

第四章 单元测试

1、
The higher the K_m value of the enzyme, the lower the affinity to substrate.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

2、
All the enzymes have coenzymes or prosthetic groups.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、

The difference between coenzyme and prosthetic group is (  )

A:Different chemical essence
B:different physical and chemical properties
C:Different binding degree with enzyme protein
D:Containing different metal ions
E:different biological properties
答案: Different binding degree with enzyme protein

4、

What determines the specificity of enzymatic reactions is (  )

A:coenzyme
B:prosthetic group
C:enzyme protein
D:Whole enzyme
E:cofactor
答案: enzyme protein

5、

The mechanism of enzymatic reaction is (  )

A:reduce the activation energy of the reaction
B:reduce the free energy of the reaction
C:increase the free energy of the reaction
D:Increase the heat energy of the substrate
E:decrease the heat energy of the product
答案: reduce the activation energy of the reaction

6、

The inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by malonic acid belongs to (  )

A:Irreversible inhibition
B:competitive inhibition
C:non competitive inhibition
D:Anticompetitive inhibition
E:feedback inhibition
答案: competitive inhibition

7、

Which of the following is true about Isoenzymes (  )

A:It can catalyze the same chemical reaction
B:generally, it is an oligoenzyme
C:It can exist in different tissues of the same individual
D:It has different physical and chemical properties
答案: It can catalyze the same chemical reaction;generally, it is an oligoenzyme;It can exist in different tissues of the same individual;It has different physical and chemical properties

8、

The function of the essential group in the enzyme molecule is (  )

A:Binding with substrate
B:maintaining the spatial conformation of enzyme
C:To change the substrate chemically
D:to accept protons or groups in a reaction
答案: Binding with substrate;maintaining the spatial conformation of enzyme;To change the substrate chemically;to accept protons or groups in a reaction

9、

Covalent modifications of enzymes include (  )

A:Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
B:acetylation and deacetylation
C:Methylation and demethylation
D:adenosylation and deadenylation
答案: Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation;acetylation and deacetylation;Methylation and demethylation;adenosylation and deadenylation

10、

The characteristics of noncompetitive inhibition are (  )

A:The structure of inhibitor and substrate is not similar
B:the degree of inhibition depends on the concentration of inhibitor
C:The binding of the inhibitor to the active center of the enzyme
D:the binding of the enzyme to the inhibitor does not affect its binding to the substrate
答案: The structure of inhibitor and substrate is not similar;the degree of inhibition depends on the concentration of inhibitor;the binding of the enzyme to the inhibitor does not affect its binding to the substrate

第五章 单元测试

1、
Ubiquinone is not contained in any respiratory chain complex.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

2、
Respiratory chain complex II is the coupling site of oxidative phosphorylation.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、

The reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide is (  )

A:FADH 
B:FAD
C:FADH++
D:FADH₂
答案: FADH++

4、

What type of gradient is critical to ATP formation by oxidative phosphorylation?

A:sodium ion
B:potassium ion
C:chloride ion
D:proton
答案: proton

5、

Which of the following does not participate in, nor is a component of , the electron-transport chain?

A:coenzyme A
B:non-heme, iron-sulfur proteins
C:NADH
D:coenzyme Q
E:cytochrome c1
答案: coenzyme A

6、

In the malate-aspartate shuttle, electrons from NADH are transferred to          , forming malate.

A:oxaloacelate
B:glutamate
C:acetate
D:aspartate
答案: oxaloacelate

7、

Choose the correct path taken by a pair of electrons as it travels down the electron-transport chain.

A:NADH→complex I→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O₂
B:FADH₂→complex I→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O₂
C:NADH→complex I→complex II→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O₂
D:FADH₂→complex II→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O₂
答案: NADH→complex I→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O₂;FADH₂→complex II→CoQ→complex III→ Cyt c→complex IV→O₂

8、

Factors affecting oxidative phosphorylation include: (  )

A:ADP / ATP
B:thyroxine 
C:amiodarone
D:uncoupling agent
答案: ADP / ATP;thyroxine ;amiodarone;uncoupling agent

9、

ATP synthase: (  )

A:It is composed of two parts, F1 and F0
B:F0 is the proton channel of mitochondrial inner membrane
C:F1 catalyzes the production and release of ATP
D:F1 is the hydrophobic part of the enzyme
答案: It is composed of two parts, F1 and F0;F0 is the proton channel of mitochondrial inner membrane;F1 catalyzes the production and release of ATP

10、

The increase of basal metabolic rate in patients with hyperthyroidism is mainly due to: (  )

A:Increase of ADP decomposition
B:increase of ADP generation
C:Increased ATP decomposition
D:increased ATP production
答案: Increased ATP decomposition;increased ATP production

第六章 单元测试

1、
Aerobic oxidation is the major process to provide energy for most tissues.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

2、
Anaerobic oxidation cannot be carried out under aerobic conditions.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

3、

Which of the following is an energy-requiring step of glycolysis?

A:Lactate dehydrogenase
B:Phosphoglycerate kinase
C:Glucokinase
D:Phosphohexose isomerase
E:Pyruvate kinase
答案: Glucokinase

4、

Which of the following are primary substrates for gluconeogenesis?

A:Galactose and fructose
B:Glycerol and alanine
C:Acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA
D:Sucrose and lactose
E:GTP and biotin
答案: Glycerol and alanine

5、

When glycogen is synthesized, the direct donor of glucose group is (  )

A:CDPG
B:UDPG
C:glucose-1- phosphate
D:GDPG
E:glucose-6- phosphate
答案: UDPG

6、

How much ATP can be produced by 1-acetyl-coa through the TCA cycle?

A:10
B:12
C:14
D:16
E:18
答案: 10

7、

Which of the following pathway are only carried out in cytoplasm?

A:glycolysis
B:gluconeogenesis
C:pentose phosphate pathway
D:glycogen synthesis
答案: glycolysis;pentose phosphate pathway;glycogen synthesis

8、

The hormones that raise blood sugar are (  )

A:glucagon
B:adrenaline 
C:glucocorticoid 
D:parathyroid hormone
答案: glucagon;adrenaline ;glucocorticoid ;parathyroid hormone

9、

Approximately how many ATP can be produced during the completely oxidation of one glucose (  )

A:30
B:32
C:36
D:10
答案: 30;32

10、

The physiological functions of pentose phosphate pathway include (  )

A:supply pentose phosphate
B:supply 3C compounds
C:Provide 4C compounds
D:provide NADPH + H⁺
答案: supply pentose phosphate;supply 3C compounds;Provide 4C compounds;provide NADPH + H⁺

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